tooth anatomyA tooth is a lot more complicated than just the hard enamel exterior. Most of us don’t really know the components of a tooth or what each part does. Understanding what comprises a tooth and how the parts work together is an important part of your general dental health.

Working from the top, down and from the outside in, these are the major parts of a tooth:

The crown is the only part of the tooth that is normally visible and is covered by the enamel. This mineralized tissue is one of the hardest substances in the human body. However, it is not indestructible. Although it is extremely hard, it is also brittle. The enamel can be chipped, cracked, or broken and can suffer decay if not properly cleaned and cared for.

Beneath the enamel is the dentin. This tissue makes up the bulk of the tooth. These living cells make up the hard tissue beneath the enamel and contain microscopic tubes. These tubes lead to the tooth’s pulp, so when the enamel of the tooth is damaged, the dentin loses its protection. This allows heat and cold to travel to the nerve of the tooth. The resulting pain is often an indication that the affected tooth needs attention in order to prevent further damage.

The root is the portion of the tooth that extends below the gum line and into the bone. The periodontal ligament helps to attach the root securely to the gum and into the jawbone. The root comprises roughly two-thirds of the tooth and is covered by connective tissue call the cementum. The root anchors the tooth in place and contains the pulp chamber. The pulp is the soft tissue that holds the blood vessels and nerves of the tooth. When decay reaches the nerves in the pulp, a root canal is often necessary to remove the resulting infection and seal the damaged tooth against further decay.

Now that you know the anatomy of your teeth, you have a better understanding of how important it is to keep them strong! Brushing and flossing regularly, and attending regularly scheduled dental visits at Wake Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry will keep all the parts of your teeth healthy and minimize the amount of time you spend getting your teeth treated for cavities. If it’s time for your next appointment, contact us today at (919) 719-1780. We can’t wait to see you!